목적 : 본 연구는 조현병 클라이언트를 대상으로 시간 사용과 작업 균형의 상태를 알아보고, 작업수행과 참여의 관계를 사례를 통해 알아봄으로서, 작업참여에 대한 중재를 마련할 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 연구는 2020년 9월 1일부터 주 1회 40분씩 10주간 일대일로 클라이언트가 방문하는 사설센터에서 진행하였으며, 작업설문지(Occupational Questionnaire; OQ)와 통계청에서 시행한 2019년 생활시간조사표를 활용하여 시간사용에 대하여 분석하였다. 또한 캐나다 작업수행 측정(Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, COPM)을 사용하여 작업수행도와 만족도에 대한 자료를 수집하고, 이를 바탕으로 클라이언트중심 작업치료중재를 실시하였다. 결과 : 클라이언트의 하루 일과 시간 사용은 개인유지가 48.3%, 일 29.2%, 가정관리와 가족 및 가구원 돌보기가 각각 8.3%였으며, 클라이언트 중심 작업치료 중재 후 COPM의 통한 수행도와 만족도가 향상되었다. 결론 : 조현병 클라이언트의 시간사용과 작업균형에 대하여 더 면밀히 파악하고, 작업적 목표에 기반한 참여형 중재가 조현병 클라이언트에게 적극적으로 활용되기 위하여 더욱 많은 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 생각되어진다.

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 농ᆞ어촌 지역의 노인을 대상으로 적용한 정신건강증진 프로그램이 노인의 정신건강 및 삶의 질에 미치는 효과를 알아보는데 있다. 연구방법 : 단일 집단 사전ᆞ사후 실험연구이다. 정신건강복지센터에서 진행하였고, 연구도구는 한국판 단축형 노인우울 척도(GDSSF-K), 한국판 세계보건기구 삶의 질 척도 단축형(WHOQOL-BREF)를 이용하였고, 수집된 자료는 SPSS 22.0 program을 이용하여 분석하였다. 대상자의 일반적인 특성은 기술통계, 프로그램 전ᆞ후 우울, 삶의 질 차이는 대응표본 T-검정을 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과 : 프로그램 전ᆞ후 우울점수는 1.44점 감소하였고, 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 삶의 질 점수의 차이는 2.4점 증가하였고, 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 결론 : 본 연구는 농ᆞ어촌 지역의 특성 상 노인들의 여가활동이 제한적이고 시설 부족으로 프로그램을 이용하는 것이 어렵기 때문에 프로그램에 참여하는 것만으로 우울증 감소와 삶의 질 향상 등 긍정적인 변화를 이끌어 냈다. 다양한 활동에 참여할 수 있는 프로그램을 구성하고, 일반화하여 성공적인 노년의 삶을 유지할 수 있는 프로그램을 제안할 수 있기를 기대한다.

목적 : 본 연구는 작업치료 전공 학생들의 정신과 영역에 대한 인식도와 교육 만족도가 진로정체감에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 전국 작업치료학과가 개설되어 있는 학교 중 정신과 교육과정이 있는 3, 4년제 학교를 선정하여 정신과 과목을 수강한 경험이 있는 전공 학생 122명을 대상으로 온라인 설문을 통해 설문 조사를 진행하였다. 연구 대상자의 일반적 특성을 분석하고 인식도, 교육 만족도가 진로정체감에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 상관분석과 다중회귀 분석을 실시하였다. 결과 : 인식도, 교육 만족도 하위 요인과 진로정체감 간의 상관관계 분석 결과, 정신과 작업치료에 대한 인식도 하위요인은 진로정체감과 통계적으로 유의한 상관성은 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이론 교육 만족도의 하위 요인 중 교과과정 구성과 성적 평가, 실습 교육 만족도의 하위 요인 중 정신과 실습지도, 임상실습 후 만족도가 진로정체감과정(+)의 상관관계를 보였다. 다중회귀 분석 결과, 이론 교육 만족도의 강의 및 실습과 성적 평가 요인이, 실습 교육만족도의 임상실습 후 만족도 요인이 진로정체감에 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 정신과 작업치료에 대한 전공 학생들의 진로정체감 형성을 위해서는 교육 만족도 향상을 위한 방안을 제시해야 할 필요성이 있으며 진로정체감에 미치는 다양한 요인들을 알아보기 위한 후속 연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

목적 : 본 연구는 동물매개중재가 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 사회적 상호작용에 미치는 영향, 치료적 효과를 알아보고, 자료분석을 통해 얻은 정보를 동물매개중재에 관심을 가지고 있는 임상가와 작업치료사에게 기초 자료로 제공하고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 전자 데이터베이스인 RISS, Google Scholar, Korea Scholar를 사용하여 2007년 부터 2020년까지의 논문을 검색하였다. 주요 검색어는 ( 자폐스펙트럼장애 OR ASD OR Autism Spectrum Disorders ) AND ( 사회적 상호작용 OR 사회성 AND 동물매개중재 OR 반려견 OR Animal therapy OR Animal-assisted )를 사용하였다. 최종적으로 10편의 국내외 논문을 본 연구의 분석 대상으로 선정하였다. 선정된 논문은 저자/연도, 연구 목적, 대상자 N/ 나이, 기간/빈도, 중재 프로그램, 프로그램 제공자, 측정도구, 결과 순으로 정리하였다. 결과 : 중재 도우미 동물은 반려견, 기니피그, 말 3종류로 나타났다. 제공자는 동물매개심리상담사 8명을 포함하여 총 27명이며 지역사회 환경을 기반으로 프로그램이 진행됐다. 사용된 도구로는 사회성숙도검사(SMS)가 가장 많았다. 동물매개중재의 치료적 효과는 사회적 기술 향상에 가장 효과적이었고 다음으로 부정적 사회행동의 감소로 나타났다. 결론 : 본 연구는 동물매개중재 프로그램에 대한 체계적 고찰을 통하여 관련 영역을 확대하는 기초 자료를 마련하고자 하였다. 이는 추후 작업치료사가 동물매개중재(AAI) 전문가로서의 역할을 정립할 수 있는 후속연구를 계획하는 기초 자료로 활용되기를 기대한다.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to prove the reliability and validity of the Power breath K5 and to compare it with pony FX. Power breathe K5 is one type of device can assess automatically Maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), Peak inspiratory pressure, Peak inspiratory flow (PIF). Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Thirty-five COPD patients participated in the test to investigate for the intra relater reliability and concurrent validity. The tests MIP, Vital capacity (VC), PIF were measured by Powerbreathe K5 and Pony Fx. Data was analyzed by intraclass correlation reliability (ICC) value and a standard error of measurement and Bland-Altman plots for reliability and pearson correlation for validity. Results: Intra rater reliability of the Powerbreathe K5 was very high at MIP (ICC=0.977 95%CI 0.956~0.989, SEM=8.665, MDC=0.295), PIF (ICC=0.966 95%CI 0.933~0.93, SEM=8.665, MDC=0.295), VC (ICC=0.949 95CI 0.902~0.974, SEM=0.042, MDC=0.116). The Powerbreath K5 was significant correlation compared with Pony Fx in assessment for MIP (r=0.971, p<0.05) and vital capacity (r=0.534, p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, We investigated the clinical usefulness of the Powerbreath K5 in evaulating the MIP, VC and PIF with COPD patients with high reliability and validity.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of balance training with Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) on balance and gait in patients with chronic stroke. Design: A cross over design Methods: Nine patients with stroke were recruited into this study. They were measuring their balance ability and gait ability. The intervention A included 4 weeks of balance training with Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) for 40 m/d, 3 d/wk. Intervention B included 4 weeks of balance training with placebo Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) for 40 m/d, 3 d/wk. Of the 9 patients who completed the study, 5 were randomly assigned to group A-B , and 4 to group B-A. The crossover occurred after 4 weeks. Results: Following are the specific results of balance training with Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) on patients with chronic stroke. First, patients who received treatment A showed improvement compared with patients who received treatment B in static balance. There were significant decreases in anterioposterior, mediolateral postural sway extension and velocity moment (p<0.05) with their eyes opened and closed conditions. Second, they had significantly improved in dynamic balance (p<0.05). Lastly, there were also improvement in their gait velocity and cadence (p<0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that, the Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) combined with balance training more effectively improves the balance and gait ability, I m convinced that it could be actively used in clinics added to the conventional physical therapy in the future.

Objective: Limited ankle dorsiflexion is related to ankle injuries. There are various exercises to increase the flexibility of the gastrocnemius for improving the passive range of motion in ankle dorsiflexion. However, to performances in daily activities and athletic sports and higher efficiency of walking and running, both ankle dorsiflexion passive and active range of motion are needed. To investigate the effects of combined gastrocnemius stretching and tibialis anterior resistance exercise on ankle kinematics (passive and active range of motion of ankle dorsiflexion) and tibialis anterior muscle activity in subjects with limited ankle dorsiflexion. Design: Cross-sectional single-group repeated measures design. Methods: Fourteen subjects with limited ankle dorsiflexion were recruited (in the right ankle in 7 and the left ankle in 7). All subjects performed gastrocnemius stretching alone and tibialis anterior resistance exercise after gastrocnemius stretching. The passive and active range of motion of ankle dorsiflexion were measured after interventions immediately. The tibialis anterior activity was measured during active range of motion of ankle dorsiflexion measurement. Results: There was no significant difference of ankle dorsiflexion passive range of motion between gastrocnemius stretching alone and the tibialis anterior resistance exercise after gastrocnemius stretching. The tibialis anterior resistance exercise after gastrocnemius stretching significantly increased active range of motion of ankle dorsiflexion compared to gastrocnemius stretching alone (p<0.05). The tibialis anterior resistance exercise after gastrocnemius stretching significantly increased tibialis anterior activity better than did gastrocnemius stretching alone. Conclusions: Thus, subjects with limited ankle dorsiflexion should be encouraged to perform tibialis anterior resistance exercises.

Objective: Smartphone addiction can cause forward head posture, carpal tunnel syndrome and depression, and anxiety. Various interventions have been proposed to resolve Smartphone addiction. However, research regarding the efficacy of these interventions remains lacking. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of tDCS (Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation) on smartphone addiction solution and stress reduction. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: The participants were divided randomly into two group (tDCS vs. Control). tDCS was applied to 41 adults (22.95±2.76 years). The tDCS group was applied 2 mA, for 13 minutes twice over a 26 minute period (n1 = 21). The control (n2 = 20) was not applied after padding and was applied twice for 13 minutes over a 26 minute period. This study was conducted four times a week for a total of four weeks. Results: Smartphone addiction for tDCS showed significant improvement in the results in the S-score (p<0.05, 95% CI: 0.702, 4.922), and the result of heart rate (HR) and skin conductivity (SC) to stress. The tDCS group and control group showed no significant decrese in the results in the HR (p>0.05, 95% CI: -3.390, 8.332), but tDCS group showed significant decrese in the results in the SC (p<0.05, 95% CI: 0.060, 1.343) Conclusions: This study suggected that smartphone addiction treatment and decreses of stress. The use of tDCS will reduce the addiction rate of adults and reduce stress, so that possible side effects in society can be solved.

Objective: The weakness of muscle strength due to stroke affects the posture control and gait in the patients with stroke. Stroke This study examined the effects of the stair climbing training with functional electrical stimulation on muscle strength, dynamic balance, and gait in individuals with chronic stroke. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Total forty-eight patients were randomly assigned to the 3 groups. Participants randomly divided to stair climbing training with functional electrical stimulation group (SCT+FES group, n=16), stair climbing training group (SCT group, n=16) and control group (n=16). Subjects in the SCT+FES group and SCT group performed stair walking training with and without functional electrical stimulation for 30 minutes, 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks and all subjects received conventional physical therapy for 30 minutes with 5 sessions per week for 4 weeks. Outcome measurements were assessed using the sit-to stand Test for strength, timed up and go test and modified-timed up and go test for dynamic balance, and 10m walk test and GaitRite system for gait. Results: In the SCT+FES group, subjects have been shown the significant increase in lower extremity strength (p<0.05), significantly improve in dynamic balance (p<0.05), and significantly improve in their temporal gait parameter (p<0.05). The SCT+FES group was significantly better than other groups in all parameters (p<0.05). Conclusions: This result suggested that the SCT+FES may be effective strategy to improve muscle strength, dynamic balance, and gait for individuals with chronic stroke.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of exercise programs according to various music tempo on pain, posture, and function of automobile parts manufacturing workers. Design: Two-group pretest-posttest design. Methods: This study was an exercise program tailored to the prevention and treatment of musculoskeletal diseases were performed for a total of 4 weeks and 3 times a week for 60 minutes. The exercise program consisted of customized exercises according to the characteristics of the subject s musculoskeletal system. The subject provided music during the exercise program, and the group who applied the fast tempo music listened to the music of 120~140 bpm, and the group who applied the slow tempo music listened to the music of the low tempo of 60~80 bpm. Results: Significant differences were found in pain and physical function before and after the fast tempo music group and the slow tempo music group (p<0.01). However, there was a significant difference in posture characteristics only in the fast tempo music group (p<0.01). In terms of pain, physical function, and posture characteristics, the fast tempo music group showed significant improvement compared to the slow music tempo group (p<0.05). Conclusions: A customized exercise program using fast-tempo music and slow-tempo music to workers in the automobile parts manufacturing industry, significant differences in pain, physical function, and posture characteristics applied with fast-tempo music were found. In the future, applying an exercise program with a fast tempo is expected to help improve musculoskeletal disorders.

Objective: This study was aimed at investigating the effects of lumbar stabilization exercise according to correct verbal instructions in pain and muscle strengthening of the low back pain patients. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: Twenty subjects with low back pain were selected. They were randomly assigned to one of two groups (10 in each group): namely the lumbar stabilization exercise and lumbar stabilization exercise according to the correct verbal instructions group. The lumbar stabilization exercise group performed lumbar stabilization exercises for 6 weeks (5 times a week). The lumbar stabilization exercise according to correct verbal instructions group performed lumbar stabilization exercise according to correct verbal instructions for 6 weeks (5 times a week). We measured pain, muscle power, proprioception, and body balance before and after exercise by using visual analog scale (VAS), digital handheld dynanometer, Joint repositioning error, time up and go test respectively. Results: We found statistically significant differences in pain, muscle power, proprioception, and body balance in lumbar stabilization exercise and lumbar stabilization exercise according to correct verbal instructions group, before and after (p<0.05). Conclusions: We confirmed the effect of lumbar stabilization exercise according to correct verbal instructions. Thus we thought these results could be used as basic data and reference for low back pain. But we need more study effect of correct verbal instructions on other exercises.

Objective: Joint mobilization for arthrokinematics altered by the positional fault of chronic ankle instability (CAI) is an effective intervention for stabilization. In this study, we compared the effects of ankle dorsi flexion range of motion (DFROM) and dynamic balance ability (DBA) in CAI patients via passive joint mobilization (PJM), a method traditionally performed in previous studies, and active joint mobilization (AJM), a method that can have a greater effect on cortical excitability with spontaneous movements. Design: Single-blind two-arm randomized controlled trial Methods: A total of 30 participants were registered: 15 each to the PJM and AJM groups. Each participant received a total of 10 intervention sessions, 10 minutes per session, 5 times a week for 2 weeks. PJM used Maitland s mobilization method to apply joint mobilization with talus in the posterior direction and AJM used an angular joint motion to induce patient s voluntary motion of medial malleolus anterior gliding and lateral malleolus posterior gliding, respectively. DFROM of the ankle was measured by using tape and DBA was evaluated by using the balance system. Results: Significant improvement was observed after intervention in both the PJM and AJM groups except for the DBA-anterior and DBA-right variables of the PJM group. There were statistically significant differences between the AJM and PJM groups in the DFROM, DBA-anterior, DBA-posterior, and DBA-right variables. Conclusions: The overall improvement of DFROM and DBA was found to be more effective in joint mobilization including voluntary movement. When it is accompanied by voluntary movement, it further affects the neuromuscular system of the ankle.

Objective: This review aims to analyze the effects of electromechanically assisted walking in patients with cerebral palsy(CP). Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: We reviewed systematically using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist guidelines. The inclusion criteria for this study were all CP patients. The intervention was electromechanically assisted walking. The outcome measures included gait parameters, function, spasticity. Studies excluded from this review were excluded from the review if they were non-English languages and if the study was not published as a full report, and if they were not randomized controlled trials (RCTs) designs. The RevMan 5.4 program was used to evaluate and explain the results. The risk of bias was evaluated independently by two reviewers. The quantitative meta-analysis, including mean differences (MD) and associated standard deviations (SD) from baseline and follow-up assessments, were recorded. Results: A total of 634 articles were searched. Two hundred eighty-nine duplicate articles were excluded, and 345 of 634 originals were left for selection. Of these 74 papers, 44 were out of topic, and 19 reported no mean or standard deviation values. And one was a non-experimental study. Finally, ten studies were included. All 10 RCTs of electromechanically assisted walking were analyzed. The meta-analysis showed a significant improvement in gait cycle (95% CI (confidence intervals), 0.09 to 0.19, I2=0%), Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) D (95% CI, 3.27 to 13.17, I2=0%) and GMFM E (95% CI, 0.22 to 6.41, I2=0%). Conclusions: Electromechanically assisted training helps in walking in patients with CP.

Objective: In clinical practice, there are a lot of exercise to reduce body weight or reduce the amount of body fat in order to solve back pain. However, many studies have contradicted the relationship between back pain and weight or body fat mass. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between fat mass, body mass index and low back pain of office worker. Design: Crossed-sectional study Methods: Among the white-collar workers diagnosed with non-specific back pain by doctors, subjects who were not included in the exclusion criteria were selected to measure the subject s body fat mass, body mass index, pain intensity, and disability index due to back pain. The NPRS was used for the intensity of back pain of office workers, and the ODI was used for the degree of disability due to back pain. A body composition analyzer was used to measure the body fat mass and body mass index of white-collar workers. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in the comparison between the normal group and the excessive group according to the criteria of fat mass and body mass index. In the correlation analysis of fat mass, body mass index, pain intensity, and disability index, it was found that there was a significant correlation between fat mass and body mass index. However, neither fat mass nor body mass index had a significant correlation with pain intensity and disability index. Conclusions: The fat mass and body mass index of office worker do not affect low back pain.

Purpose: This study is to investigate the muscle activity based on real-time visual feedback training methods by rehabilitative ultrasound image in elderly and correlation between Heckmatt scale grade, muscle tone and thickness. Design: Cross-sectional study: Pilot study Methods: 6 elderly participated in the study with 2 conditions. Under the condition of rehabilitation ultrasound imaging equipment, all subjects performed voluntary maximal muscle contraction of the quadriceps 3 times using visual feedback based on Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging 1.0 (RUSI 1.0). Under the condition of only ultrasound images, all subjects performed voluntary maximal muscle contraction of the quadriceps 3 times using ultrasound image-based visual feedback. The muscle thickness and tone of the quadriceps were measured and the grades were classified by Heckmatt scale and all variables were comparative analyzed. Results: Heckmatt scale grade showed a negative correlation with muscle thickness at relaxation (p<0.05), and a negative correlation with the difference value obtained by subtracting muscle thickness at relaxation from muscle thickness at contraction in ultrasound image condition (p<0.05). The muscle tone during relaxation showed a negative correlation with the muscle thickness during relaxation (p<0.05). Conclusion: In the case of voluntary maximum muscle contraction of the quadriceps muscle in the elderly, it can be seen that the muscle thickness is getting larger when the RUSI 1.0-based visual feedback is provided than with only ultrasound image provided. And the lower Heckmatt scale grade is, the thicker the muscle is, and the lower the muscle tone is.

Objective: To control the rate at which body weight drops, forefoot initiates floor contact with the limb relatively extended at each joint. However, when the knee joints could not extend enough with going down the stairs, the forefoot cannot be contact initially. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between forefoot and whole foot in initial contract on soleus and tibialis anterior for health young adults when descending stairs. Design: A cross-sectional observational study design. Methods: Fifteen healthy young adults participated in this study. To compare between forefoot and whole foot in initial contact when going down the stairs, this study measured muscle activation on soleus and tibialis anterior. This study used the paired t-test to analyze the collected data and compare the supporting conditions. Results: After analyzing, the muscle activation of soleus was not statistically significant difference as 25.16% at forefoot initial contact and 24.37% at whole foot initial contact when descending stairs (p>0.05). However, the muscle activation of tibialis anterior muscle was significantly difference was 49.19% at forefoot contact and 71.55% at whole foot contact. Conclusions: The results of this study was that the muscle activation of the tibialis anterior was a higher at whole foot contact than that at fore foot contact when descending stairs. This study suggests that the landing strategy of the initial contact is a beneficial effect at the forefoot contact to maintain the postural balance and the muscle performance effectively when descending stairs in individuals with healthy young adults.

Objective: This study was conducted to provide basic data on physical function improvement activities of elderly care facilities by identifying the degree of physical improvement activities of elderly caregivers. Design: Descriptive correlational study. Methods: The instrument of this study consisted of 12 questions on the general characteristics of the subject. For the assessment of improvement in physical function activities, the measuring tool used for the elderly consisted of a total of 20 questions. For data analysis, Pearson’s correlation coefficient & Spearman’s rho and multiple regression were used. Results: The higher the age of the subjects, the lower their educational background (r=−0.273, p<0.05), and the higher the probability of having a religion (r=−0.258, p<0.05), the more stable the employment type (r=−0.333, p<0.05). The higher the level of education, the higher the monthly income (r=0.187, p<0.01), and the shorter the career (r=−0.204, p<0.05). The more stable employment, the more unstable duty (r=−0.245, p<0.05), and the more unstable work, the higher the monthly income (r=−0.206, p<0.05) and the longer the career, the higher the monthly income (r=0.247, p<0.05). The more stable the employment, the more activities to improve physical function were found (r=0.341, p<0.05), and the more unstable the duty, the more activities to improve physical function were found (r=0.321, p<0.05), and the higher monthly income, the less physical function improvement activities (r=−0.196, p<0.05). Conclusions: It is necessary to provide regular services by a dedicated physical therapist for physical function improvement activities in order to improve the quality of life of the elderly in the future.

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 뇌졸중 환자의 전문재활이용 현황을 분석하여 효과적인 재활치료 전달체계 확립을 위한 근거자료로 제시 하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 2016년 1월 1일부터 12월 31일까지 뇌졸중 진단을 받은 입원 환자 중 1년 이내 뇌졸중 진단 이력이 없으며, 주 상병코드가 I60, I61, I62, I63이며, 18세 이상 100세 이하로 영상의학검사(MRI/CT)를 받은 환자 78,024명을 대상으로 의료기관별·재활단계별 입원비율, 전문재활치료율, 항목별 전문재활치료율, 병원이동에 따른 전문재활치료율을 분석하였다. 결과 : 급성기와 아급성기에 상급종합병원과 종합병원에서 집중적으로 이루어져야 하는 전문재활치료가 이시기에 이루어지지 못하고, 아급성기와 만성기시기 까지 오랜 기간 동안 병원과 요양병원에서 전문재활 치료가 이루어지고 있었다. 또한 뇌졸중 환자의 항목별 전문재활치료 청구 현황을 의료기관별, 재활단계별로 구분하였을 때 물리치료는 중추신경계발달치료, 기능적전기자극치료, 보행치료, 매트 및 이동치료 순이었으며 작업치료는 연하재활 기능적전기자극치료, 일상생활동작훈련치료, 복합작업치료, 특수작업치료 순으로 나타났다. 결론 : 초기 재활시기에 전문재활서비스를 충분히 집중적으로 제공할 수 있도록 새로운 전달체계의 새로운 기준 정립이 이루어져 회복기간에 맞는 알맞은 재활서비스제공이 이루어져야 한다.