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Purpose : The purpose of this study was to establish scientific evidence though a systematic review, of the existing interventional methods and their respective effects, for swallowing disorders among dementia patients. The interventional methods were based on patient characteristics.
Methods : An electronic literature search was performed using five electronic databases from 2010 to 2020. The keywords were ¡®Dementia¡¯, ¡®Alzheimer disease¡¯, ¡®Deglutition disorder¡¯, ¡®Swallowing disorder¡¯, ¡®Dysphagia¡¯. Five articles met the inclusion criteria.
Results : One study with moderate-to-severe and four studies with severe dementia patients were included. The interventions consisted of one remedial intervention, three compensatory interventions, and one comprehensive intervention. Compensatory intervention, including behavioral and psychological management, were used in moderate-to-severe patients. For the severe patients, remedial, compensatory, and comprehensive intervention were used to address the feeding tube problem. The interventions used in each study had a positive effect on the outcome variables associated with swallowing ability.
Conclusion : The purpose of the intervention and the intervention factors changed depending on the patient¡¯s dementia stage. The intervention was effective when considering the progressive stage of the patient. These results may serve as a guide in designing effective interventions for swallowing disorders in dementia patients.