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The Effect of Customer-to-Customer Encounter Quality(CCEQ) on Customers¡¯ Perception of Experience in Group Package Travel: Focusing on the CCEQ-EX Combination Model

ÀÌÁØ¿±(Lee, Jun Youb) , ¶ó¼±¾Æ(La, Suna) Àú

pp.73~92 (20pages)

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Due to the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, domestic and overseas group package tours have been drastically reduced. However, if we overcome this crisis, the demand for travel, which has been suppressed for a long time, will be likely to surge sharply. Also, the group package tour services are expected to gradually recover. Group package tours are a major form of tourism among Korean consumers, and it is a well-known fact that the experience of contacts with other tourists in a group has a significant impact on the overall travel experience of customers. Recently, Kim et al. (2018) established a conceptual model of Customer-to-Customer Encounter Quality (CCEQ) based on the service quality paradigm and customer interaction literature. However, studies that have applied this model to individual industries are in void. In this context, this study attempted to apply the CCEQ model to group package travel, which is a representative service industry where encounter quality among customers is a critical service experience factor. The purpose of the study was to help tourism industry to come up with ways to evaluate and manage the quality of customter-to-customer contact points and to optimize customers perceptions of overall travel experiences by providing the implications on how each sub-dimensional factor of CCEQ model influences customers perceptions of overall CCEQ, and then overall CCEQ affects four dimensions of customer experiences which were put forth by Pine and Gilmore (1998) in the group package tour. To accomplish the research purpose, the CCEQ-EX combination model was developed and applied to group package tours, and its validity and usefulness were investigated through empirical analysis by collecting actual tourists¡¯ data from Korean customers. According to the results of the analysis, the overall perceived encounter quality with other customers¡¯ in group package tours is influenced by the four factors of customer-to-customer encounter quality among tourists in a focal customer¡¯s group: social norms observance, value adding, harmony, and friendship. Service rules observance and informational interaction, which are factors that tour guides can control, are not significant. The overall evaluation of the customer-to-customer encounter quality has a significant impact on each dimension of tourists¡¯ perception over the group package travel. The higher the customer-to-customer encounter quality is perceived, the higher the educational, aesthetic, entertainment, and escapism aspects of experiences of the tour are obtained. Based on the findings of the study, theoretical and practical implications were drawn, and future research directions and limitations were also discussed.

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