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  The Factors in Normalization, Nippon and Viet Nam ¡ª Focusing on International Determinants and Japan"s ODA Diplomacy ¡ª
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  pp.1~13 (13pages)
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  The re-approachment between the United States and China announced in the midst of the American effort in the Vietnamization program of the Vietnam War drove Japanese political leaders into panic. Japan's reaction to the changes surrounding her was to move toward the normalization of relationship with North Vietnam. Such moves were pursed whole-heartly by Japan despite serious obstacles of the United States and South Vietnam. It included three kinds of consideration: (1) diplomatically fair recognition of South and North Vietnam after the war; (2) contribution to the stability in Indochina peninsular; (3) the formation of favorable environment in Southeast Asia.
It could be said that Japanese diplomacy in the 1970s secured room to play a more independent and influential role in terms of economic aid policy. Japanese diplomacy shocked by international politics had suddenly turned into a generous giver of economic aid. And the range of aid diplomacy was increasingly expanded to the level of region. It signaled the rise of Japanese diplomacy. As we emphasize political and military aspects of Japanese diplomacy, of course, it may bias the nature of facts. However, it is clear indeed that economic and socio-cultural considerations of internationalization of Japanese diplomacy, dictated by economic aid, are the starting point to understand the diversity of Japanese diplomacy itself.
 
  Japanese Diplomacy;Japan"s ODA;Vietnam;Economic Aid;Vietnam War