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Purpose: This study sought to estimate the prevalence of hyperopia in Korean school children aged 5-18 years.
Methods: The 2008-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES) used an autorefraction test without cycloplegia to obtain refractive data on the population between 5 and 18 years of age. Using data from the right eye with a spherical equivalent (SE) value. Hyperopia was defined over than +1 diopter (D) of SE. We classified subjects as having mild hyperopia (+1.00 D < SE ≤ +3.00 D), moderate hyperopia (+3.00 D < SE ≤ +5.00 D), or severe hyperopia (SE > +5.00 D). Age, gender, region and horizontal strabismus-specific rates for each type of hyperopia were compared to subjects without hyperopia.
Results: Of the 6084 participating children who completed the KNHNES, hyperopia was observed in 2.2% (n=134) of the children. The prevalence of mild (mean, SE: 1.74 ± 0.52 D, range: 1.06-3.00), moderate (mean, SE: 3.84 ± 0.62 D, range: 3.25-5.00), and severe hyperopia (mean, SE: 5.90 ± 0.63 D, range: 5.50-7.00) was 1.9, 0.2, and 0.1%, respectively. Mild hyperopia was more prevalent in girls of preschool age (5-7 years; p=0.02). Esodeviation was also present in 8.2% of the hyperopic population. However, no differences were found with regard to age or region in the hyperopic population.
Conclusions: The prevalence of hyperopia was only 2.2% in the children of the study population. Thus, hyperopia is a relatively rare refractive error in Korea.

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