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From the end of 19th century many Koreans immigrated into Man-churia and Maritime Region, and this area become the refuge of anti-Japanese Koreans before and after the Japanese annexation of Korea in 1910. Among the Koreans worked in this area, those Koreans who carried on independence movement with Maritime Region as their base kept nationalistic ideals even after the Bolshevik Revolution and made the independence of fatherland as their supreme objective. But those Koreans who lived in the Amur Province became naturalized in Russia .and place their objective of activities in the carrying out of Bolshevik Revolution.
After the Japanese expedition to Manchuria and Siberia in 1920, armed Korean f ightrs for independence in Manchuria and Maritime Region had to move to Soviet-Manchurian boundary to find a new base of activities, and Japan’s Siberian expedition provided conditions for coorporation between Korean fighters for independence and the Bolshevik Russia. Because Japan now became their common enemy. Thus, in 1921 armed fighters for independence led by Hong Born-do(洪範圖) and others concentrated in the Free City of Alexeyevsk.
The Red Army supplied them with limitless weapons and other military supplies, and made use of them in meeting attacks from the ’White Army and the Japanese Army. But the Red Army, after having achieved their or igina Lobject ive, skillfully manipulating ideo-logical difference of Koreans, created conflict among them and refused their request for Red Army’s military assistance for carrying out a large scale anti-Japanese war into Korea. When the Koreans protested against Red Army’s management, they were branded as anti-revolutionaries and nationalists and were dissolved and disarmed. And those who rose against disarmament were indiscriminately fired by the Red Army. The Red Army’s disarmament of armed Korean soldiers was to maintain order in Siberia and to eliminate a seed of trouble in the Soviet-japanse relations.
After this tradegy, Korean units, which failed to get the high price of blood because of Communist betrayal. either moved to Manchuria to avoid watchful eyes of the Red Army. or hided weapons to rise again later, or was incorporated into the Red Army.
It is a great tragedy in the history of Korean indedendence movement that the Korean armed soldiers for independence, who participated in the Red-White fight, was disarmed by the Red Army’s betrayal and forced to die worthlessly in the Free City.

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