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  The author tried in this essay to study and examine the methods of fostering children during the Yi Dunasty period, with the content of Kyokmong Yogyol(擊蒙要訣 1577), Sasojol(士小節 1775)and Koam Kahoon(顧菴家訓 1886)as the main point of study, and to pursue the meaning of the traditional education of our country by means of reviewing the aforementioned books on the rearing and education of children from the modernistic point of view.
  First, as the environmental background for the growth of children, various factors closely related to the education and character-building of children were examined in connection with the society in general and famiy life.
  Then, the contents of the three textbooks for children were analyzed and examined in general, thus reaching a conclusion that :
  The main purlose of education during the Yi Dynasty was Sushin Jega(修身齊家) and Chikooh Pyongchonha(治國平天下) : to enable the educated to cultivate moral culture and successfully manage family, and then to govern the country and pacify the world as a whole. For the Attainment of this purpose, parents endeavored to bring up boys into learned men of virtue and girls into women of grace and virtue.
  Kyungshin(敬身) education means education on the decision of purpose in life, book-reading, the way of using language, manners of conduct, clothes and on food and drink. Children were taugth that only through study and learning human beings can become really human and, therefore, that the goal of life should be determined and pursued unwaveringly and strenuously so as to attain in the long run such a state as sage.
  This kind of education may well be regarded as a very relevant one in view of the fact that man is very likely to be judged by his exterior apperance and expression alone also in the modern socio-psychology.
  As a result of analysis and review in the above, we came to conclude that emphasis was placed on the education pertaining to the identity and subjectivity of man during the Chosun period. Thus, the basic theory founded on the Confucian view of value was established, with rules for implementation there of being prepared in details, in the education.

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