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The purpose of this study was to investigate how night-shift nurses spend their time based on work sampling. A total of 9 med/surg nursing units in a large teaching hospital were evaluated during the period of February 10-16,1997. Data from 96 night shifts were analyzed. Nurses were mostly young, unmarried, and experienced females.
The percentage of time spent in four separate nursing activities by night-shift nurses are as follows: 1 Nurses spent only 23% their time for direct care activities, 53% for indirect care activities, 6% for Unit-related activities and 18% for personal. 2. Of the direct care activities, 37% was used for medication, 30% for observation and assessment, 13% for procedure, 8% for helping patient transfer or exercise. Little time was used for patient education, counseling or patient's hygiene. 3. Of the indirect care activities, 74% was used for charting, 10% for preparation of medication, 9% for staff session, and 7% for supply administration. 4. Of the unit-related activities, 81% was used for reporting and meeting, 9% for facility and supply inspection, 5% for ward management, 3% for review and reading, and 2% for manpower management.
This study identified that night shift nurses spend most of their time for indirect care activities.

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