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This study analyzes aspects of the introduction and reception of American culture in the modern poetry of Korea based on the discourse theory of Michel Pecheux, divided into three types.
The first type is the discourse focused on identification. The Diaspora literature of Nam-su Park(박남수) and Jong-gi Ma(마종기) and the poems of In-hwan Park(박인환) and Dong-gyu Hwang(황동규), which describe the experience of the American journey, belong to the first type. The second is the discourse that asserts non-identification. This type was founded by Su-yeong Kim(김수영) in the 1950-60s. As well, the 1980s poems of Se-young Oh(오세영), Seung-hui Kim(김승희), Myeong-in Kim(김명인), Yeong-su Jang(장영수), Jung-il Jang(장정일), Ha Yu(유하) and Min-bok Ham(함민복) often described this argument. The third type is the anti-identification discourse. This type was intermittently evident during the 1960-70s but after the 1980s it was frequently expressed in the poems of Byung-ran Moon(문병란), Nam-ju Kim(김남주) and Du-seok Choe (최두석). Among the poems of these three types, poems related to the non-identification discourse occupy the highest place in terms of quantity. These poems clearly present how American culture and other unfamiliar foreign cultures entered Korean society after independence from Japanese colonization, contributing to providing new poetic materials and subject matter to Korean poetry.
However, poems that accept American culture as poetic objects did not properly express the active consideration and identity of Korean culture, particularity with regard to the Third World. Post-colonial discourse not only plays a role in counter-discourse to colonialists, but also must contribute to forming anti-colonialist's cultural identity. The true meaning of the Third World is resistance to imperialism as well as the formation of a mature self-identity that recognizes its own value as well as that of others.
Related to this point, there are problems in poems with characteristics of counter-discourse. The first problem is that they have a lack of cultural configuration as art. The other is that they mainly accept negative cultures such as a highly sexual culture, commercial films, sensual pop songs, and corrupted army culture, etc. among American culture. The reason that Korean people criticize the negative aspects of American culture, rather than appreciate the positive aspects, is based on these poetic expressions.

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